Bio Tech-Talks by Dr. Abhimannue

  Light Microscopy for Observing Bacterial Morphology Using Permanent Slides   Objective: To observe and identify the morphological characteristics of bacteria (such as shape and arrangement) using a compound light microscope and permanent stained slides .   Principle: Light microscopy uses visible light to magnify images of small specimens. In bacterial studies, staining techniques (e.g., Gram staining) enhance contrast, allowing for better observation of morphology —such as coccus , bacillus , spirillum , and their arrangements (e.g., diplo-, strepto-, staphylo-).   Materials Required: ·          Compound light microscope ·          Permanent bacterial slides ·          Immersion oil (for 100× objective) ·          Lens cleaning tissue ·        ...

  SEPARATION OF COMPOUNDS FROM A MIXTURE USING TLC Objective: To separate and identify individual compounds from a given mixture using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) technique. Principle: Thin Layer Chromatography is based on the differential adsorption of compounds on a stationary phase and their differential solubility in a mobile phase. ·          The stationary phase is a thin layer of adsorbent (e.g., silica gel or alumina) on a glass or plastic plate. ·          The mobile phase is a solvent or solvent mixture that moves up the plate via capillary action. ·          Compounds move at different rates depending on their polarity and affinity to the stationary and mobile phases. Materials Required: ·          TLC plate (silica gel-coated) ·          Developi...

  Experiment No: 3 - DNA Extraction from a Plant Sample Objective: To extract and observe DNA from a plant sample, such as spinach, strawberries, or bananas, using a simple laboratory procedure. Materials: Fresh plant sample (e.g., spinach leaves, strawberries, or bananas) Mortar and pestle SDS Salt (sodium chloride) Distilled water Ethanol (chilled in a freezer) Cheesecloth Test tubes or small beakers Glass rod or wooden skewer (for DNA spooling) Measuring Cylinder Procedure: 1. Preparation of the Plant Sample: Homogenization: Place a small amount of the plant sample (about 2-3 grams) into a mortar. Add a small amount of distilled water (about 10 ml) and a pinch of salt (about 1 gram). Grind the sample with the pestle until a smooth paste is formed. Transfer: Pour the homogenized mixture into a test tube or small beaker. 2. Lysis of Plant Cells: Add Detergent:...

  EXPERIMENT NO: 6 TITLE: Preparation of Single Cell Suspension from Chicken Liver (Primary Cell Culture) Objective: To prepare a single cell suspension from chicken liver tissue for primary cell culture, which involves the isolation, disaggregation, and suspension of cells from the liver tissue. Materials Required: Chicken liver tissue (freshly obtained) Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) Enzymes: Collagenase, Trypsin-EDTA Sterile Petri dishes Sterile scissors and forceps Scalpel Sterile gauze Tissue culture media (e.g., DMEM, RPMI-1640) Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) Centrifuge Sterile conical centrifuge tubes (15 mL and 50 mL) Pipettes and sterile pipette tips Cell strainer (70 µm or 100 µm mesh) Hemocytometer Incubator (37°C, 5% CO2) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Lab coat, gloves, safety goggles Procedure: 1. Collection of Chicken Liver Tissue: Tissue Collection: Obtain a fresh chicken liver and immediately ...